Scoliosis is a condition that causes an abnormal curvature of the spine. While it can be a source of concern for many, understanding the condition and available treatment options can greatly improve the quality of life for those affected. In this blog, we’ll explore all the key aspects of scoliosis, including its symptoms, causes, treatments, and management strategies for both children and adults.
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Scoliosis is a condition where the spine curves sideways, typically forming an "S" or "C" shape when viewed from behind. Normally, the spine is straight when viewed from the back, but for those with scoliosis, there is an abnormal curve, often accompanied by rotation of the vertebrae. The severity of scoliosis varies, ranging from mild curvatures that may not require treatment to more severe cases that can lead to pain or other health complications.
The exact cause of scoliosis is often unclear, though several factors may contribute to the condition.
There are four main types of scoliosis which include:
Yes, scoliosis can have a genetic component, especially in the case of idiopathic scoliosis. If a person has a family member with scoliosis, they may be more likely to develop the condition. Research suggests that there are multiple genes that may contribute to the development of scoliosis, but the exact genetic causes are still being studied.
The symptoms of scoliosis can vary widely depending on the severity of curvature and the age of the person with the condition. In some cases, scoliosis can be asymptomatic, especially in the early stages. However, some common scoliosis symptoms include:
Mild scoliosis often presents minimal symptoms or may be asymptomatic altogether. Many people with mild scoliosis are unaware they have the condition until a routine physical exam or screening uncovers the curvature. In some cases, mild scoliosis may cause slight back discomfort, uneven posture, or minor cosmetic changes, but it typically does not require aggressive treatment.
While mild scoliosis may not require intervention, more severe cases can often be managed with treatment. "Fixing" scoliosis typically depends on the severity of the curvature and the age of the individual. In many cases, scoliosis cannot be completely "fixed" but can be controlled or improved with various treatment options such as bracing or surgery.
We recommend seeing an orthopaedic spine specialist as soon as you notice any signs of scoliosis, such as uneven shoulders, hips, or persistent back pain. If the curvature of the spine seems to be worsening, or if symptoms like difficulty breathing or noticeable deformities appear, it's essential to consult a healthcare provider immediately.
Early detection can prevent the condition from progressing. The ideal specialist for scoliosis is an orthopedic doctor, particularly one with expertise in spinal disorders. ONJ's orthopaedic spine specialists will guide you through any necessary imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs, recommend the appropriate treatment, and develop a personalized care plan to manage the condition. Most importantly, they will listen to you and make sure your concerns are heard and you clearly understand your treatment options.
You don't have to stay in pain. Contact one of our ONJ divisions to schedule an appointment.
For children with scoliosis, treatment depends on the severity of the curve and the child’s age. In many cases, children with mild scoliosis will simply be monitored through regular check-ups. If the curve is more pronounced, doctors may recommend different options.
Such as:
In adults, scoliosis treatment focuses on managing symptoms, especially if the curvature causes pain or other complications.
Options for adult scoliosis treatment can include:
A scoliosis brace is an important treatment for children and adolescents whose bones are still growing. The brace is designed to prevent further curvature of the spine. Braces are most effective for individuals with moderate scoliosis (typically between 25 and 40 degrees of curvature) and are worn for several hours a day. There are several types of braces, including the Boston brace and the Milwaukee brace, each serving different purposes based on the location of the curve.
In severe cases or when other treatments fail, scoliosis surgery may be required. The goal of surgery is to correct the spinal curvature and prevent further progression. The most common surgical procedure is spinal fusion, where the curved sections of the spine are fused together with bone grafts and metal rods to stabilize the spine. Surgery is typically considered if the curvature is greater than 45-50 degrees or if there are associated symptoms like severe pain or breathing difficulties.
There are several therapeutic options for managing scoliosis, especially for mild to moderate cases.
These therapies may include:
Exercises for patients with scoliosis are designed to improve spinal alignment, strengthen the muscles, and alleviate pain.
Core Strengthening:
Strengthening the abdominal and back muscles helps support the spine and reduce strain.
Postural Correction:
Exercises that help improve posture and prevent the spine from leaning to one side.
Stretching:
Stretching tight muscles, particularly on the convex side of the curve, can help improve flexibility.
Spinal Mobilization:
Techniques that involve gentle movements to improve the spine’s mobility and flexibility.
Breathing Exercises:
These exercises help improve lung capacity, especially in severe scoliosis where the curve may affect breathing.
These exercises are tailored to the individual and based on the severity and location of the curve. If you are thinking of doing exercises for your scoliosis, it's important that you work with a physical therapist to ensure that you have proper instruction so the exercises are performed safely and effectively.
If you have scoliosis, self-care is crucial for managing your daily symptoms and maintaining a healthy spine.
Tips for scoliosis self-care include:
Scoliosis itself is not necessarily considered a disability. However, in severe cases, it can result in significant physical limitations, such as chronic pain, reduced mobility, and difficulty with breathing. If the condition severely impacts a person’s daily life and ability to work or engage in activities, it is possible that it may be classified as a disability under certain circumstances. With appropriate treatment and self-care, many people with scoliosis are able to lead active and fulfilling lives.
Scoliosis is a complex condition that can vary greatly in severity and impact. While many people with scoliosis lead normal, active lives, others may need treatment to manage symptoms or correct the curvature.
Whether you are dealing with scoliosis as an adult or have a child with scoliosis, understanding the condition and exploring available treatments is the key to managing it effectively. While there are home-care scoliosis treatments, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best course of action for your specific situation. Early detection and intervention can significantly improve day-to-day functioning and outcomes.
This blog is intended for information purposes only. Please see an orthopaedic specialist for an official diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan. Contact us to schedule with one of OrthoNJ's specialists.
