Frozen Shoulder

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that leads to pain, stiffness, and a gradual loss of motion in the shoulder. It often starts with a dull ache that worsens over time, limiting movement. The shoulder joint becomes inflamed, and the capsule surrounding the joint thickens, restricting its normal range of motion. It commonly develops after an injury, surgery, or prolonged immobility of the shoulder. Over time, the stiffness can make it difficult to perform even simple daily activities like reaching or lifting.

Symptoms of Frozen Shoulder

1. Pain:
   • Constant dull or aching pain in the shoulder, particularly around the outer shoulder or upper arm.
   • Pain may worsen at night or when lying on the affected shoulder.
2. Limited Range of Motion:
   • Difficulty moving the shoulder, especially when attempting to raise the arm or reach overhead.
   • Restricted movement when trying to rotate the arm or reach behind the back.
3. Stiffness:
   • Noticeable stiffness in the shoulder, making it difficult to perform normal tasks like brushing hair or putting on clothes.
   • Stiffness may gradually worsen over time and affect both active and passive movements of the shoulder.
4. Progressive Loss of Mobility:
   • Over time, the shoulder becomes more immobile, often preventing full motion in all directions.
   • The ability to rotate or extend the arm may become extremely limited.
5. Painful Episodes:
   • The pain may begin mildly but gradually intensifies, especially during certain activities or positions.
   • It may also occur during simple movements like reaching for an item or lifting a glass.
6. Decreased Functionality:
   • Difficulty with everyday activities that involve the shoulder, such as reaching, lifting, or even driving.
   • Tasks like putting on a coat, tying shoes, or lifting objects can become painful and difficult.

These symptoms usually occur in stages, often progressing from pain and inflammation to stiffness and limited movement. Early intervention with physical therapy or other treatments can help manage symptoms and improve shoulder function.

What Causes Frozen Shoulder:

• Injury or Surgery: After an injury or surgery, particularly those that lead to limited movement (such as immobilization in a sling), the shoulder joint capsule may become inflamed and thickened.
  
• Diabetes: People with diabetes are at a higher risk due to poor blood circulation and inflammation, which can affect the shoulder joint.
  
• Hormonal Changes: Hormonal changes, especially during menopause, may trigger the development of frozen shoulder, though the exact mechanism remains unclear.
  

How to Prevent Frozen Shoulder:

• Early Mobilization: After any shoulder injury or surgery, early gentle mobilization exercises can prevent stiffness and keep the joint from becoming frozen.
  
• Maintain Range of Motion: Regularly engaging in shoulder exercises that focus on range of motion can help prevent immobility that leads to frozen shoulder.
  
• Good Posture: Maintaining proper posture and avoiding slumping can reduce the risk of muscle tightness and shoulder stiffness.

When to Seek Orthopedic Care for Frozen Shoulder:

• Persistent Shoulder Pain: If the shoulder pain continues for weeks or worsens over time, particularly if it interferes with daily activities, it may indicate frozen shoulder.
  
• Limited Range of Motion: If you notice a significant decrease in your ability to raise or rotate your arm, seeking orthopedic care is necessary.
  
• Swelling and Inflammation: If you notice swelling or a feeling of "catching" in your shoulder joint, it’s important to consult a specialist.

Seeing an orthopedic surgeon, especially one specializing in shoulder conditions, to evaluate and treat frozen shoulder early ensures an accurate diagnosis and can lead to more effective treatments, such as physical therapy or, in more severe cases, surgical intervention.

You don't have to stay in pain. Contact one of our ONJ divisions to schedule an appointment.